TLR4
Type: protein Aliases: Toll-like receptor 4
- Systems Analogy A tripwire alarm on cell surfaces that alerts the immune system to bacterial invaders.
- Formal Definition Toll-like receptor 4; a cell-surface pattern recognition receptor that binds to bacterial LPS and triggers the intracellular MyD88/NF-kB pathway, driving inflammatory cytokine expression.
Mentioned In
- Biological CircuitsGut Dysbiosis & Microglial Priming in Alzheimer's
Scientific Sources & Literature Citations
- [1] Empirical Study Kielian T. Toll-like receptors in central nervous system glial inflammation and diseases. J Neurochem. 2006;99(2):347-360. ↗
"Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) initiates downstream signaling cascades that induce glial activation."